swazi :: essays papers

swaziThe Swazi of Swaziland IntroductionSwazis are said to belong to the Nguni people who lived in central Africa and migrated to southern Africa. They speak the Siswati language , a language earlier spoken by the Nguni group of the Bantu family. They seem to have settle in Swaziland around five hundred years ago. They were then control by the British from the mid 19th century to mid 20th century. Swaziland is a monarchy and is ruled by King Mswati III. Social OrganizationThe social organization in the Swazis is like any other African tribe. The homestead is the sparing and domestic unit of the family. It is headed by the Umnumza or gaffer who is in charge of the family which includes his wives and children. Sons will bring there wives to the homestead and setup home within it tour the daughters move to their in-laws. The occupants who reside in the homestead can also be distant relatives or non de composedents. Therefore the number of people for whom the headman is responsible economically ,legally and by ritual may vary according his status and wealth. A wealthy headman may have many wives therefore he has a large number of people he is responsible for. The headman usually would subdivide the large homestead in order to gain access to large tracts of cultivable land or divide quarrelsome wives .The homestead is planned according to the relationships between its inhabitants . Usually in the center of the homestead is the cattle pen and grain storage units, which are underground flask shaped pits. Women are not allowed access to theses places. The living quarters are grouped in a semicircle with the indlunkuku ( great hut) which is home to the most important woman in the homestead , the mother of the headman. If she is dead then a substitute mother is appointed. On the sides are the quarters of the wives ,each with her own sleeping ,cooking and storage huts and enclosed with a reed fence for protection against wind . The ra nking of wives is not rigid only it depends on the headman and his preference of wives. the clear demarkation of the wives huts and the fact that each of them own their own garden land and cattle does not erase the fact that the headmans mothers house is supreme.